A simulation‐based reliability assessment approach for congested transit network

This paper is an attempt to develop a generic simulation‐based approach to assess transit service reliability, taking into account interaction between network performance and passengers' route choice behaviour. Three types of reliability, say, system wide travel time reliability, schedule reliability and direct boarding waiting‐time reliability are defined from perspectives of the community or transit administration, the operator and passengers. A Monte Carlo simulation approach with a stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment model embedded is proposed to quantify these three reliability measures of transit service. A simple transit network with a bus rapid transit (BRT) corridor is analysed as a case study where the impacts of BRT components on transit service reliability are evaluated preliminarily.     

A comparison of two methodologies for selecting transit performance indicators

Two contrasting methodologies have appeared in the literature for selecting indicators to evaluate the performance of public transit firms. One methodology specifies the criteria that the selected performance indicators must satisfy. The other methodology requires the specification of operating objectives by the transit firm for the purpose of then selecting performance indicators. This paper compares the two methodologies and discusses the attributes of one methodology versus those of the other methodology. Also, a major difference in the premises of the two methodologies is demonstrated.     

如何有效控制VRRP网络系统中的组播流量

介绍了VRRP技术，分析了大型VRRP交换网络中组播流量的主要来源，综合从事网络工程建设的经验提出了几点优化网络的措施以达到有效控制网络系统中组播流量的目的。     

Optimal slack time for timed transfers at a transit terminal

At transit terminals where two routes interchange passengers, total system costs may be reduced by allowing some “slack” time in the vehicle schedules to decrease the probability of missed connections. Transfer cost functions are formulated and used to determine optimal slack time for simple systems with transfers between one bus route and one rail line. Some analytic results are derived for empirical discrete and Gumbel distributions of bus arrival times. Relations between the optimal slack times and headways, transfer volumes, passenger time values, bus operating costs, and standard deviations of bus and train arrivals are also developed numerically using normally distributed arrivals. However, the proposed numerical approach can optimize slack times for any observed arrival distributions. The results provide some guidelines on desirable slack times and show that schedule coordination between the two routes is not worth attempting when standard deviations of arrivals exceed certain levels. Possible extensions of this work are suggested in the last section.     

AutoCAD技术与桥梁施工放样

介绍在非洲埃塞俄比亚亚环线工程设计与施工中,应用AutoCAD技术进行桥梁坐标计算及施工放样的过程和方法。     

基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的船桥碰撞分析

基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,以一艘500t级驳船与某汉江大桥薄壁墩碰撞为例,演示了数值仿真计算的过程。重点介绍了结构模型化,获得并分析了船桥碰撞力、能量转换、以及薄壁墩的冲击响应的一般规律和特点,从而为同类桥梁的设计、维护和损伤评估等提供理论上的支持。     

Real-Time Fuzzy Obstacle Avoidance Using Directional Visual Perception

This paper presents a novel vision-based obstacle avoidance approach for the Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) with a PanTilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera as its only sensing modality. The approach combines the morphological closing operation based on Sobel Edge Detection Operation and the (μ-kσ) thresholding technique to detect obstacles to soften the various lighting and ground floor effects. Both the morphology method and thresholding technique are computationaUy simple. The processing speed of the algorithm is fast enough to avoid some active obstacles. In addition, this approach takes into account the history obstacle effects on the current state. Fuzzy logic is used to control the behaviors of AMR as it navigates in the environment. All behaviors run concurrendy and generate motor response solely based on vision perception. A priority based on subsumption coordinator selects the most appropriate response to direct the AMR away from obstacles. Validation of the proposed approach is done on a Pioneer 1 mobile robot.     

东风4B型内燃机车齿轮箱裂漏的原因分析及解决措施

东风4B型内燃机车齿轮箱主要是为牵引主、从动齿轮提供一个密闭的工作环境,并储存一定量的牵引齿轮润滑油脂,供牵引主、从动齿轮润滑、散热。由于东风4B型内燃机车牵引电机与轮对间采用的是抱轴式悬挂方式,机车牵引齿轮箱通过4条M30×90 mm螺栓单侧定位在牵引电机上,直接承受着     

2010年北京市水资源需求预测分析

产业、人口和环境是构成城市用水的重要组成部分。本文利用翔实数据通过建立预测模型对2010年北京市经济、人口和环境的发展进行了预测,确定各自用水水平的基础上分析了重大项目未来的水资源需求。进而提出可行性建议。     

蓬勃发展的中国城市轨道经济

随着2005年底成都地铁1号线的开工，我国已经有北京、上海、天津、广州、长春、大连、武汉、深圳、重庆、南京等10个城市的轨道交通投入运营，通车运营的线路大约有18条，总长为436．16公里。在建的轨道交通项目有北京、天津、上海、重庆、广州、成都等城市的十几条线路，总长度377．25公里。近期已经做了建设规划的城市有15个，线路总长达1321．11公里，总投资达到5000亿元人民币。 一个不会被忽略的事实是，如今的中国城市平均每三至四年就有一条20公里的轨道投八运营。而凭借轨道汇聚的人气、物流、资金流，轨道的贯通为城市的躯干重塑了血脉，经济资源得以优化配置，部分城市经济形态也即将随之步入“轨道经济时代”……[编者按]